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Process Data set: Barley distillers grains, dried; ; from ethanol production, production mix; at plant (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location EU+28
Geographical representativeness description The dataset represents the production mix of barley distillers grains, dried for the region EU-28 + EFTA. Production data from EU-28 + EFTA is specific for this region. The geographical representativeness (GeR) of EU28 + EFTA is based on the production coverage and the GeR of the contributing countries.
Reference year 2016
Name
Base name ; Treatment, standards, routes ; Mix and location types
Barley distillers grains, dried; ; from ethanol production, production mix; at plant
Use advice for data set It is intended for use in the feed PEFCR context and other PEF studies where applicable and compliant.
Technical purpose of product or process Provision of a standard process according to the applied technology.
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: Materials production / Agricultural production means
General comment on data set -
Copyright Yes
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2020
Time representativeness description The DQR of the dataset reflects the quality of the data at reference year (2016). The most important time related parameter is the crop yield at agricultural cultivation (based on FAOStat, 2010-2014, for 5-years average data). Remaining parameters are based on country, crop and process specific data.
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system This process describes the production of barley distillers grains from a typical ethanol production process, in EU-28 + EFTA.;The case of maize distillers grains was used as a proxy. For modelling DDGS produced from cereals in Europe, data from Feedprint (van Zeist et al., 2012) was used as a basis. This data was mainly based on a publication of Mei et al (2006) about corn-to-ethanol conversion. We updated this partly on the basis of a more recent publication by Shapouri et al. (2010) which contains good energy use data from a survey done in 2009 among US ethanol producers. In Shapouri et al. (2010) the mass balance was not complete. Therefore we decided to still rely on the complete mass balance from Mei et al. (2006).;The cultivation process data come from Agri-footprint 3.0 (2017). The electricity, fuel production and transport data come from the EC dataset for energy and transport (“GaBi Energy&Transport LCI Datasets for EU Environmental Footprinting (EF) implementation 2016-2020”, of thinkstep AG). The crop and transport model is determined on the basis of the method described in Methodology of the EC feed database (2017). The crop mix is modeled on the basis of statistics on production, import and export per country (FAOstat and Eurostat). The transport model is based on EuroStat (European Commission, 2014) which provides detailed statistics for average transport modes and distances for goods within a country, while http://www.searates.com/reference/portdistance/ is used for transoceanic freight distances.;[Dry Matter: 903 g/kg; Moisture: 97 g/kg; Biogenic carbon of barley distillers grains, dried is 386.93 g/kg.]
Flow diagram(s) or picture(s)
  • system diagrams jpeg\System boundary-Crop cultivation-AFP_0.3.jpg Image
  • system diagrams jpeg\System boundary-Crop processing-AFP_0.3.jpg Image
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set LCI result
LCI Method Principle Attributional
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations None
LCI method approaches
  • Allocation - market value
Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations None
Modelling constants Direct land use change (LUC): GHG emissions from direct LUC allocated to good/service for 20 years after the LUC occurs. For land use change, all carbon emissions and uptakes are inventoried separately as carbon dioxide from land transformation based on the "Direct Land Use Change Assessment Tool (2015)" (Blonk Consultants, 2015). Land transformation (m2) is also inventoried based on the available FAO statistics up to 2013.;Carbon storage and delayed emissions: credits associated with temporary (carbon) storage or delayed emissions are not considered in the calculation of the EF for the default impact categories.;Emissions off-setting: is not included.;Fossil and biogenic carbon emissions and removals: removals and emissions are modelled as follows:;All GHG emissions from fossil fuels are modelled consistently with the ILCD list of elementary flows. In the case that the emissions refer to the molecules CO2 and CH4, they are modelled as carbon dioxide (fossil) and methane (fossil).;Carbon storage in crops for feed, animals and milk are not included because this carbon is part of the short term carbon cycle and because of this, the carbon dioxide emissions at the end of the life cycle are also not modelled except when the stored carbon is released as methane due to enteric fermentation or manure management and storage, which is inventoried as ‘methane, biogenic’.;Biogenic carbon content of all products is reported in the metadata. This information has been collected based on CVB list (Centraal Veevoeder Bureau, 2011) which lists the chemical composition and nutritional values of feed and within which the carbon content has been calculated based on the Feedprint formula (Vellinga et al., 2013).;Soil carbon accumulation (uptake) via improved agricultural management is excluded from the model.;;
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations None
LCA methodology report
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Data cut-off and completeness principles Capital goods (for cultivation and transport) as well as their end-of-life are included.;For the cultivation and processing of crops the following activities are excluded:;-Other consumables (than chemical and organic fertilizer, pesticides, seeds, lime and fertilizer and pesticide packaging) used during cultivation;-Activities related to living at the farm;-Activities related to other business (e.g. producing wind energy);-Raw materials estimated to insignificantly contributing to the environmental impact;-Consumables used at the plant not used as a raw material or auxiliary material;-Packaging if occurring at the processing phase
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None
Data selection and combination principles All relevant background data such as energy and auxiliary material are taken from the EF energy and transport dataset and Agri-footprint 3.0 and ELCD databases.
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None
Data treatment and extrapolations principles Several data sources have been combined. Country specific data have been modelled based on best available data sources. For regional data market shares have been formulated based on 5-years average production data and coverage has been extrapolated to 100% based on the countries with highest shares.
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations None
Documentation of data quality management
Data source(s) used for this data set
Percentage supply or production covered 99 %
Uncertainty adjustments None
Completeness
Completeness of product model All relevant flows quantified
Supported impact assessment methods
  • ILCD v 1.0.10
Completeness elementary flows, per topic
  • Noise: No statement
Validation
Type of review Data quality indicators Review details
Independent external review
  • Overall quality: Good - 1.88
  • Precision: Good - 2.32
  • Geographical representativeness: Good - 1.79
  • Time representativeness: Good - 1.83
  • Technological representativeness: Good - 1.56
The dataset is compliant with the methodology report v1.0 of April 2017, which involves compliancy with the tender specification for the provision of "feed" process-based product environmental footprint-compliant life cycle inventory datasets (contract number No ENV.A.1/SER/2016/0035VL) and the draft Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules guidance document v6.1. This implicitly means compliance with "ILCD Data Network - Entry-level requirements". The review has been performed on the complete disaggregated datasets by 3 of the 4 reviewers, testing on compliance with the methodology requirements as set in the methodology report. In the first review round also the methodological starting points were discussed. As a consequence the definition of data quality of Time and Technological representativeness of supplying processes has been adapted as approved. The metadata compliance and ILCD compliance will be tested after placing the data on the node. The representativeness of the data regarding geography, technology and time is very good to fair, as recent data for the specific country/region as well as the employed technologies was in most cases available for the relevant parts of the value chain of the dataset. The precision of the data is good to fair, given some uncertainties of measured and reported data. As a result, all data provided reaches an overall data quality score no larger than 3.0. The results are plausible, both for the impact category level results as well as for the most relevant elementary flows. The data set documentation is reflecting what has been modelled and is appropriate in terms of content and level of detail. The system boundaries include all relevant processes and activity types from cradle to gate as being defined in the methodology report. It is very likely that the not covered activities and flows (cut-off due to data limitations for less relevant contributors) jointly contribute less than a few % to the overall environmental impacts. So the applied cut off rules respect the 95% treshold as meant in the tender specifications.
Subsequent review comments
Full review reports in: \external_docs
Reviewer name and institution Complete review report
Type of review Scope / Method(s) of review Data quality indicators
Independent internal review
Scope name Method name
Unit process(es), black box
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Validation of data sources
  • Expert judgement
  • Sample tests on calculations
  • Mass balance
  • Energy balance
  • Documentation
Documentation
  • Expert judgement
Goal and scope definition
  • Expert judgement
Unit process(es), single operation
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Validation of data sources
  • Expert judgement
  • Sample tests on calculations
  • Mass balance
  • Energy balance
  • Documentation
LCIA results
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Expert judgement
LCIA results calculation
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Expert judgement
LCI results or Partly terminated system
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Validation of data sources
  • Expert judgement
  • Sample tests on calculations
  • Mass balance
  • Energy balance
  • Documentation
Life cycle inventory methods
  • Mass balance
  • Element balance
  • Expert judgement
  • Energy balance
Raw data
  • Cross-check with other data set
  • Cross-check with other source
  • Validation of data sources
  • Expert judgement
  • Sample tests on calculations
  • Mass balance
  • Energy balance
  • Documentation
  • Overall quality: Good - 1.88
  • Precision: Good - 2.32
  • Geographical representativeness: Good - 1.79
  • Time representativeness: Good - 1.83
  • Technological representativeness: Good - 1.56
Reviewer name and institution
Compliance Declarations
Compliance
Compliance system name
Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant
Review compliance
Fully compliant
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant
Quality compliance
Fully compliant
Compliance
Compliance system name
Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant
Review compliance
Fully compliant
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant
Quality compliance
Fully compliant
Compliance
Compliance system name
Approval of overall compliance
Not defined
Nomenclature compliance
Not defined
Methodological compliance
Not defined
Review compliance
Not defined
Documentation compliance
Not defined
Quality compliance
Not defined
Commissioner and goal
Commissioner of data set
Project Provision of "feed" process-based product environmental footprint-compliant life cycle inventory datasets. Contract number ENV.A.1/SER/2016/0035VL
Intended applications Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) datasets to be used in Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs) and Organisation Environmental Footprint Sectoral Rules (OEFSRs) developed in the context of the Environmental Footprint pilot phase launched by the Commission in 2013.
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2017-10-24T19:43:55+01:00
Data set format(s)
Data entry by
Official approval of data set by producer/operator
Publication and ownership
UUID 46b4b76b-c85e-4c2a-b630-11da937fda7a
Date of last revision 2017-10-24T19:43:55+01:00
Data set version 01.04.004
Workflow and publication status Data set finalised; entirely published
Owner of data set
Copyright Yes
Reference to entities with exclusive access
License type Free of charge for some user types or use types
Access and use restrictions Access through the dedicated LCDN node, for use in PEF-compliant studies related to the 24 pilots from the PEF/OEF pilot phase. End user license agreement: external_docs\EULA-European-Commission-Feed-LCI.pdf
Access to the data set is restricted to metadata only. Please register to get full access to the data set.
Access to the data set is restricted to metadata only. Please register to get full access to the data set.